Attention Deficit Disorder Essay -- ADD Research Disorders Health Essa

tutelage Deficit DisorderAttention Deficit Disorder ( sum up) is ordinarily known as a childhood syndrome characterized by impulsiveness, hyperactivity, and a short attention span, which often leads to learning disabilities and various behavioral problems. The exact definition of summarise is, an inability to control behavior due to difficulty in processing neural stimuli(online medical dictionary). Neural pertains to nerves. There are three different levels of ADD, Attention Deficit Hyperactivity Disorder (ADHD), Attention Deficit Inattention Disorder, and Attention Deficit Impulsive Disorder. In my research I hope to learn what causes this behavior and how to detract care of it. I also hope to learn how one would trace Attention Deficit Disorder. I would like to know why one would get ADD.I would like others to learn what ADD is, how to diagnose it, and how to cope with it. My goal is for others to know that it exists but is treatable and that an affected person can be a juic y person in society. I hope they learn to understand that it is not something to laugh about and that it is a terrible disorder.Attention Deficit Disorder, in my eyes, is a disorder that one cannot control. Sometimes, it becomes so hard to hold back interruptions or impulses that it becomes embarrassing. It cannot be controlled it is involuntary. The affected persons brain thinks it is normal so they on the dot impulsively respond to situations. Not knowing that what they are doing is disruptive, they repeat these actions because their brain has thought this way since they were born.ADD is a disorder that is one of the best-researched disorders. Even though it is researched in such a great degree, the cause is still unknown. However, research suggests that it is a neurobiological condition. Which is to say that it has to do with the nerves in the brain and that it is genetic. It is be that ADD runs in the family.The most frequently stated cause of Attention Deficit Disorder is, the involvement of the prefrontal cortex, part of the cerebellum and at least both of the clusters of the nerve cells deep in the brain known as the basal ganglia(Philip W. Long, MD). It Is determined that, the right prefrontal cortex and two basal ganglia known as the caudate nucleus and globus palliclus are smaller than usual in a child with ADD(Philip W. Long, ... ...hrough family history.The common cause of ADD is the reduction of size in specific sections of the brain as explained before.Several genes, which are mutated, are responsible for the small sections in the brain. Researchers do believe that ADD is a polygenic disorder. Also, ADD is passed down through the genes in the family. As you can already see, all of the causes are linked together someway.This research project has been a great stupefy for me. I have learned everything I wanted to learn. I learned that too much dopamine in the prefrontal cortex, cerebellum, and basal ganglia is the cause for such behavior that is verbalized with ADD. I have also found out that there are many treatments to help people with this disorder and they are successful.I hope others have learned as much as I have through my paper. I want them to understand that ADD is a serious disorder and that it can be treated with the right medication and support. I also hope that they understand exactly why this type of behavior that is expressed in people with ADD happens. If anybody or anyone you know has ADD, I hope I have helped them understand and find help for that person.

The Great Depression Essay -- Papers History New Deal Market Crash Ess

The Great Depression The great depression hit the community quite hard with an un-comparable feeling of instability and weakness. The United States and other lands including Europe and Great Britain were quickly affected. The depression, caused by the fall of the stock market in 1929, caused many individuals to panic and the depression was anywhere by 1932. Many people were affected by the depression. Investors, the ordinary work force and consumers sank rapidly with the panic that spread crossways the world. The United States tried to gain security through several attempts at restoration. With the help of president Roosevelt and his attempt to restore security with The New Deal the acres would overcome the onset crisis.The ordinary people affected by the crisis experienced many forms of mass unemployment. As the workforce began to panic the anxiety grew stronger. The stress of unemployment and disquiet forced thus individuals to look to the government for the answers. Governments quickly responded to the anxiety by raising taxes. Which in turn only seemed to make matters worse. The United States attempts at restoring the nation with confidence failed. Some believe that the main reason being that the United States had developed an enormous economy of mass production, but the larger picture consisted of analyzing more(prenominal) than the mass production. Instead there was a problem arising. How would the nation survive with a population of mass production and a decrease in phthisis became the main question being analyzed. As the stock market crashed and the United States economy began to as well the U.S. government began to focus on the idea of every nation for themselves. The... ... New Deal solved the depression because it didn?t, but I think that it gave the nation the fundamentals that they needed to solve their problems themselves. All that was missing was the organise and strength in the citizens them selves to reunite as a nation and not as individuals. The New Deal helped many individuals perceive these morals and values by setting the standards for economic equality, limited production, and fairness for the rich and poor and it also provided equality in the field of competition. All in which were needed to be restored. afterward all we did create The Pledge of Allegiance, which plainly states the fundamentals of The United States by saying we are ?One nation under god, individual with liberty and judge for all.? Meaning justice for all people in our country and resembles the unity we should all feel in our nation together as a all in all

Divorce in Todays Society Essay -- Marriage Family History Essays Pape

Divorce in Todays Society The Impact of Non-Traditional Families in the Twenty-First Century The image of the American family looks and functions very differently than families of the past few decades. Men and women raised in the 1950s and 1960s when programs such as Ozzie and Harriet and Father Knows Best epitomized the average family, be likely to find themselves in situations that have changed dramatically. Research claims that many family structures atomic number 18 common single-parent families, remarried couples, unmarried couples, step families, foster families, multi-generational families, extended families, and the doubling up of both families within the similar home. Marriage, divorce, and patterns of childbirth are some of the factors that have contri justed to these significant changes in families. With these changes comes the possibility of re spousal and the creation of new families which bring together parents and children without blood ties. These are called blen ded families and are more(prenominal) prevalent today than thirty years ago because divorce rates are rising and remarriages are much more common (Mahoney 40). These issues are the major factors that have had an impact on the structure of the American family. Significant changes are occurring in marriage patterns in the United States. Individuals are postponing marriage until later in life and more people are choosing not to get married. Current statistics indicate that the marriage rate between 1970 and 1990 venomous almost thirty percent (Ahlburg and DeVita 24). Compared with the 1960s marriages have a shorter average duration. A smaller portion of a persons life is rattling spent in marriage, despite gains in life expectancy. In their research, Dennis Ahlburg and Carol DeVita describe an explanation for these facts While these facts often lead to speculation that the institution of marriage is crumbling, the number of marriages that occurred throughout the 1980s was at an all time high. Roughly 2.4 million marriages were performed each year during the past decade. A careful look at marriage trends reveals how marriage patterns are creating new lifestyles and expectations. (21) Another issue which reflects a change of the American family is the trend of divorce. While 2.4 million marriages occurred in 1990, 1.2 million divorces occurred during that same year (Andrew 51). The trend of divorce i... ...aunched a new line of cards devoted entirely to non-traditional families. The cards never use the word step but most of the Ties That Bind cards are clearly aimed at people that have come together by remarriage. All are aimed at the abundant and growing group of people who dont identify with the old definitions of family, and who are finding ways to make their new families work. Bibliography Ahlburg, Dennis and Carol J. DeVita. sore Realities of the American Family. Population Bulletin. Aug. 1992 20-28. SIRS. Family, 4, 96. Andrews, Jan. Divorce and the Ame rican Family. New York Library of Congress Catalog, 1978. Boyd, Monica and Doug Norris. Leaving the Nest? The Impact of Family Structure. Canadian Social Trends. 15 Oct. 1995 14-17. SIRS. Family, 5, 58. Feifer, George. Divorce An Oral Portrait. New York The New Press, 1995. Herbert, Wray. When Strangers Become Family. U.S. News and World Report 29 Nov. 1999 59-67. Mahoney, Rhona. Divorce, Non-traditional Families and Its Consequences For Children. Leland Stanford. mahoneyleland.stanford.edu. 20 Nov. 1997 40-42. Stewart, Gail B. Teens and Divorce. San Diego Lucent Books Inc., 2000.

Truman Capotes In Cold Blood Essay -- In Cold Blood Essays

1. Title In Cold downslope.2. Author plus biographical background information Truman Capote, one of the Statess most famous writers was born in New Orleans in 1924 and died in California in 1984. He wrote both assembly and non- fiction stories. (for congressman this book, In cold blood) short stories, novels, travel writing, profiles, reportage, memoirs, plays and films.3. Number of pages3364. Theme (s)- Murder- Feelings5. The Clutter family.Herb Clutter Hes the novice of the pip family. Hes forty-eight yr. old. Herb is a normal man, who makes a living with the farm he owns. His social contacts in the neighborhood and the mint of Holcomb association are real good, large number love to talk with him and Mr. Clutter is a member of the agricultural society. Mrs. Clutter Shes the mother of the family, and loves miniature things. She has deuce kids, a girl named Nancy and a boy named Kenyon. The daughter is very much loved in town by boys who like to hang emerge with her, yet she already has a boyfri intercept named Bobby Rupp. Nancy has another love, and thats her old fat horse named Babe. The brother of Nancy is Kenyon, hes a boy who likes to fish and hunt. crease coyotes on his Coyote wagon, just a normal boy.Perry and Dick.Perry Smith is a very quiet person who had a lousy childhood, which affected his bearing in worse form. He seems to be a quite decent person to talk with, but hes very easily influenced. In the end you feel a little sorry for him because Truman Capote describes him as a person who had a very difficult childhood. Perry was the person who murdered the Clutters by crack their brains out with a .12-gauge shotgun. Hes feels no sorry for the crime he has committed. But he too says he care Mr. Clutter, and survey he was a very nice man. Then there is his companion named Richard (Dick) Hickock. Hes the one who comes with the idea of robbing the Clutter family and to kill some(prenominal) people in the house on the moment of the ro bbery. When theyre looking for the safe of Mr. Clutter, they find out that there isnt any safe in the way of Mr. Clutter. They decide to tie the family up and kill them. Dick doesnt dare to pull the trigger so Perry has to do the dirty work. Dick first-class honours degree was readying to rape Nancy Clutter, but Perry kept him from doing that. People who are sexually obsessed make him mad. In the story youll know ... ... close to what theyve done. But they are very rigorous of the fact that there was so little money in the house ( they only got 40 $ ). They decide to go to Mexico to flee and hide for the police, who are starting an investigation on the Clutter murder case. The whole city of Holcomb is shocked by the killing of the loved family and everybody is scared.Perry and Dick stay in Mexico for a tour but then they want to return to the states again, they decide to hitchhike back to the USA. Then Floyd Wells, a former cellmate of Dick. Dick told Wells that he was formu lation to kill the Clutters and leave no witnesses. Floyd Wells reads about the murder and tips the police of the possible murderers. Dick and Perry stole a car when they were back in the US, they also decrease out false cheques and spent the money on a holiday in Miami. Then they travel to Las Vegas where the police catch them. They are questioned about the murder and they finally make a full confession. They spent the rest of their time in jail until they have to go to court to hear their punishment. The jury as the judge decides to give them the dead penalty by hanging. Eventually both of the men are hanged on April 14 1965. Truman Capotes In Cold Blood Essay -- In Cold Blood Essays1. Title In Cold Blood.2. Author plus biographical background information Truman Capote, one of Americas most famous writers was born in New Orleans in 1924 and died in California in 1984. He wrote both fiction and non- fiction stories. (for example this book, In cold blood) short st ories, novels, travel writing, profiles, reportage, memoirs, plays and films.3. Number of pages3364. Theme (s)- Murder- Feelings5. The Clutter family.Herb Clutter Hes the father of the murdered family. Hes forty-eight yr. old. Herb is a normal man, who makes a living with the farm he owns. His social contacts in the neighborhood and the people of Holcomb community are very good, people love to talk with him and Mr. Clutter is a member of the agricultural society. Mrs. Clutter Shes the mother of the family, and loves miniature things. She has two kids, a girl named Nancy and a boy named Kenyon. The daughter is very much loved in town by boys who like to hang out with her, but she already has a boyfriend named Bobby Rupp. Nancy has another love, and thats her old fat horse named Babe. The brother of Nancy is Kenyon, hes a boy who likes to fish and hunt. Chase coyotes on his Coyote wagon, just a normal boy.Perry and Dick.Perry Smith is a very quiet person who had a lousy childhood, whi ch affected his behavior in worse form. He seems to be a quite decent person to talk with, but hes very easily influenced. In the end you feel a little sorry for him because Truman Capote describes him as a person who had a very difficult childhood. Perry was the person who killed the Clutters by shooting their brains out with a .12-gauge shotgun. Hes feels no sorry for the crime he has committed. But he also says he liked Mr. Clutter, and thought he was a very nice man. Then there is his companion named Richard (Dick) Hickock. Hes the one who comes with the idea of robbing the Clutter family and to kill any people in the house on the moment of the robbery. When theyre looking for the safe of Mr. Clutter, they find out that there isnt any safe in the office of Mr. Clutter. They decide to tie the family up and kill them. Dick doesnt dare to pull the trigger so Perry has to do the dirty work. Dick first was planning to rape Nancy Clutter, but Perry kept him from doing that. People who are sexually obsessed make him mad. In the story youll know ... ...about what theyve done. But they are very pissed of the fact that there was so little money in the house ( they only got 40 $ ). They decide to go to Mexico to flee and hide for the police, who are starting an investigation on the Clutter murder case. The whole city of Holcomb is shocked by the killing of the loved family and everybody is scared.Perry and Dick stay in Mexico for a while but then they want to return to the states again, they decide to hitchhike back to the USA. Then Floyd Wells, a former cellmate of Dick. Dick told Wells that he was planning to kill the Clutters and leave no witnesses. Floyd Wells reads about the murder and tips the police of the possible murderers. Dick and Perry stole a car when they were back in the US, they also pass out false cheques and spent the money on a holiday in Miami. Then they travel to Las Vegas where the police catch them. They are questioned about the murder and the y finally make a full confession. They spent the rest of their time in jail until they have to go to court to hear their punishment. The jury as the judge decides to give them the dead penalty by hanging. Eventually both of the men are hanged on April 14 1965.

Physical Education In Secondary Schools :: essays research papers

Physical Education In Secondary Schools     My philosophy of corporeal education in the secondary setting deals withstudents becoming physically fit. Also that students learn how to communicatewith others, especially in a team setting. My philosophy similarly holds in itdifferent teaching methods. Methods that physical education teachers can use toget the most out of their students. With this philosophy of physical education I contrive to use it toward becoming a best teacher.     The major reason for having physical education in secondary indoctrinates isto lead the students toward a better lifestyles and to be physically fit. Therewas an article published In 1992 by, The National Association for Sport andPhysical Education (NASPE), stating what "The Physically Fit Person" shouldconsist of. This article states cardinal factors of a physical fit person. Onefactor is that a physically fit person "has learn skills necessary to performa variety of physical activities". The second factor, "is the person physicallyfit". The third factor is "does this person participate regularly in physical natural action". The fourth is a physically fit person "knows the implications of andthe benefits from involvement in physical activity". The last factor is that aphysically fit person "values physical activity and its contributions to ahealthful lifestyle". The plan as physical educators is to have each child be aphysically fit person, by their draw of high school. This will take some workbut I believe it could be done.     Another very important issue to be learned in secondary physicaleducation is teamwork. This is a very important aspect in everyday life. Thishelps people think of others as much, or more, than themselves. instantly some workplaces are going to the team oriented style of work. The worker needs to beable to express ideas amongst his/her teammate s and come with solutions together.A good activity that could be introduced in secondary physical educationprograms is a ropes course. Rope courses are great for students to get into theteamwork mentality. This could help students be dependable on each other andtrust each other.     Education is not solely a necessity, but a major part of life. Somechildren perceive school as a punishment. Including myself, that was the way Ifelt as a child. But as I grew older I found out that education can be fun.Some children seem to take education for granted. When I was a school boy, Inever realized how much I was learning. The only thing that got me throughschool was the two days of physical education that I had per week.

Physical Education In Secondary Schools :: essays research papers

Physical Education In Secondary Schools     My philosophy of corporeal rearing in the secondary setting deals withstudents becoming somatogenicly fit. Also that students learn how to communicatewith others, especially in a team setting. My philosophy also holds in itdifferent teaching methods. Methods that physical reading teachers lavatory use toget the most out of their students. With this philosophy of physical education Iplan to use it toward becoming a good teacher.     The major occasion for having physical education in secondary schools isto lead the students toward a better lifestyles and to be physically fit. Therewas an article published In 1992 by, The National standoff for Sport andPhysical Education (NASPE), stating what "The Physically Fit Person" shouldconsist of. This article states five genes of a physical fit person. Onefactor is that a physically fit person "has learned skills necessary to performa variet y of physical activities". The second factor, "is the person physicallyfit". The third factor is "does this person participate regularly in physical activeness". The fourth is a physically fit person "knows the implications of andthe benefits from involvement in physical activity". The last factor is that aphysically fit person "values physical activity and its contri entirelyions to ahealthful lifestyle". The plan as physical educators is to have each child be aphysically fit person, by their exit of high school. This will take some workbut I believe it could be done.     A nonher truly important issue to be learned in secondary physicaleducation is teamwork. This is a very important aspect in everyday life. Thishelps people think of others as much, or more, than themselves. Today some workplaces are going to the team oriented style of work. The worker needs to beable to express ideas amongst his/her teammates and come with s olutions together.A good activity that could be introduced in secondary physical educationprograms is a ropes course. Rope courses are great for students to get into theteamwork mentality. This could help students be dependable on each other andtrust each other.     Education is not only a necessity, but a major part of life. Somechildren perceive school as a punishment. Including myself, that was the way Ifelt as a child. But as I grew older I found out that learning can be fun.Some children seem to take education for granted. When I was a school boy, Inever realized how much I was learning. The only thing that got me throughschool was the two days of physical education that I had per week.

Ionic

Define and describe noggin and covalent bonds. An ionic bond is a type of chemic bond organize through an electrostatic attraction between two oppositely charged ions. A covalent bond is the chemical bond that involves the overlap of pairs of electrons between atoms. A compound is made when two or more atoms form a chemical bond, linking them together. The two types of bonds are ionic bonds and covalent bonds. In an ionic bond, the atoms are bound together by the attraction between oppositely charged ions. If the electron is parceld equally between the atoms forming a covalent bond, then the bond is said to be nonpolar.An electron is more attracted to one atom than to another which forming a polar covalent bond. Ionic bonds are formed between a cation and an anion. Pure ionic bonding cannot exist all ionic compounds have some degree of covalent bonding. An ionic bond is considered a bond where the ionic character is greater than the covalent character. The larger the difference in electronegativity between the two atoms involved in the bond, the more ionic the bond is. Bonds with partially ionic and partially covalent character are called polar covalent bonds. Ionic bonding is a form of no covalent bonding.Ionic compounds conduct electricity when molten or in solution, but not as a solid. They generally have a high melting menstruation and tend to be soluble in water. The stable balance of attractive and repulsive forces between atoms when they share electrons is known as covalent bonding. For many molecules, the sharing of electrons allows each atom to attain the equivalent of a full outer shell, corresponding to a stable electronic configuration. Covalent bonding includes many kinds of interaction, including ? -bonding, ? -bonding, metal-to-metal bonding, freethinker interactions, and three-center two-electron bonds.The term covalent bond dates from 1939. The prefix co- means jointly, associated in action, partnered to a lesser degree in essence, mean s that the atoms share valence. Molecule H2, the hydrogen atoms share the two electrons via covalent bonding. Covalency is greatest between atoms of similar electronegativity. Covalent bonding does not necessarily require the two atoms be of the same elements, wholly that they are of comparable electronegativity. Although covalent bonding entails sharing of electrons, it is not necessarily delocalized.

Evaluation of Spirited Away

Evaluation of Spirited A charge Spirited Away is an anime exposure from Hayao Miyazaki, one of the greatest Japanese animation directors. His movies argon full of imaginations, thoughtful messages, and they always hold a cheerful ending. Spirited Away is not an exception. It is a great anime movie that will rejoinder viewers on a journey beyond their imagination with a very beautiful ending, and it besides contains a meaningful message about the descent between human and the nature. Spirited Away is about the journey to the land of spirits of a ten-year-old girl named Chihiro.Chihiro and her p atomic number 18nts are driving to their new home in a strange town. Her dad takes a shortcut through the woods and ends up in front of a tunnel. Her parents decide to see what lies through it disdain of her protest. On the other side, they find a theme park and a food counter filled with fresh food inside. Her parents start to wolf it down, however she senses danger and refuses to eat . As the night falls, she is terrified to see the area filled with spirits. She runs to her parents and discovers that they have been turned into pigs.A mysterious boy named Haku finds her and helps her to hide from the spirits. The area turns into a wild privy house for the gods and spirits to replenish themselves. Haku helps her to find a job in the bath house in order for her to stay and finds a way to save her parents. Though the work is hard, and she has to work with monsters in the bath house, she does as well as she can and finally saves her parents. Movies in general must have some elements to be successful. The main purpose of a movie is to make the auditory modality interested.The audience is always looking for bizarre beyond their own lives, so a great movie is the movie that can amaze the audience by taking them to the world beyond their imagination. A great movie is also a movie that the audience will remember afterwards watching it. To make the audience remember a movie, it must have something to think about. That is wherefore a great movie must convey meaningful messages that will make the audience think about and stay in their hearts. Movie is a form of entertainment, so it is undoubtedly that a great movie must succeed in entertaining its audience.A great movie needs to make the audience feels ease in mind and skilful after watching it instead of filling audiences mind with sadness. That is the reason why a happy ending is mandatory. Spirited Away is a great movie with full of imagination. If the audience read a lot of fairy tales, they will feel they are at home while watching Spirited Away. A human is turned into animal because he did something wrong is a familiar motive in fairy tales. In the movie, Chihiros parents are turned into pigs because they ate the food without permission.Usually, kids are punished because of their bad behaviors in fairy tales, but this time, in Miyazakis movie, adults are punished instead of kids, and the sa vior is a girl. This is where the imagination of Hayao Miyazaki turns on. The viewers will see the spiritual appears on the screen under the eyes of a girl. Some gods look like animals, and there is a god looks like a blob with a red bowl on his indicate. The spirits and gods are not scary but very familiar. They look weird, and the viewer might see some of them somewhere in their dreams when they were kids.The bath house is used by gods and spirits, so the employees of the bath house cant be human. The employees are talking animals. They are working for a cruel witch, who has very big head and body. All those things are somewhere in the viewers childhood memory, and Hayao Miyazaki brings them all up onto the screen. Spirited Away also conveys a meaningful message. It is the environmental message. Chihiros encounter with a river god early in her bath house career is a good evidence of this. In the movie, Yubaba senses the reek spirit. She immediately evacuates the bath house and t hen assigns Chihiro to be the stink spirit attendant.Though this is a very difficult job, Chihiro manages to get the stink spirit cleaned. While she is cleaning the stink spirit, she sees a thorn on the stink spirit. She pulls the thorn. It turns out that the thorn is the handle of a bicycle, and there are tons of garbage are coming out of the stink spirit. Astonishingly, the stink spirit is a river god, who is heavily dirtied by the pollution of his river. Later she discovers that Haku is the god of the Kohaku River, and Haku is the one who saved her life when she was a child. This makes the viewers think of the birth between human and the nature.Human rely to the nature, but they are destroying the nature. This is a meaningful message that will make the audience think about the nature after watching Spirited Away. Spirited Away has a very beautiful ending. No Face is a lonely spirit. He travels place to place without purposes. Finally, he finds a home to stay. He stays with Zenib a to look after her. It is a beautiful ending for a lonely spirit. Chihiro finally saves her parents from Yubaba. She passes the test of Yubaba and breaks the spell. It is a happy ending that all the viewers expect. There is also a happy ending for Yubaba.Her son returns after a journey to Zenibas house, and he grows up more after the trip. Haku remembers his name is Kohaku, and he is the god of the Kohaku River. He is no longer under control of Yubaba. For Chihiro, she has grown into a better person for her bring forth in the spiritual world. Spirited Away is a great movie. It shows the viewers the imaginary world that the viewers only see in their childhood dream. The movie also contains a meaningful message about the environment. Finally, the viewers will feel relieved after watching Spirited Away because of its beautiful ending.

Pidgins and Creoles Essay

A.1 THE DEFINITION OF PIDGINThe etymology of pidgin is uncertain. The Oxford English Dictionary derives it from the English word concern as pronounced in Chinese Pidgin English, which was of course used for transacting business. Other possible sources derived pidjom exchange, trade, redemption a Chinese pronunciation of the Lusitanian word ocupao business or a South Seas pronunciation of English beach as beachee, from the location where the language was often used (Mhlhusler, in Holm, 2004). A pidgin is a language with no native speakers it is no unitarys first language but is a contact language. That is, it is the product of a multilingual emplacement in which those who wish to communicate must find or improvise a simple language system that will en open them to do so. very often too, that situation is one in which there is an imbalance of power among the languages as the speakers of one language dominate the speakers of the other languages economically and cordially.A passin g codified language often accompanies that predominate position. A pidgin is therefore sometimes regarded as a reduced variety of a normal language, i.e., one of the aforesaid(prenominal) dominant languages, with reducing of the grammar and vocabulary of that language, considerable phonological variation, and an admixture of topical anaesthetic vocabulary to meet the special of necessity of the contact group (Wardhaugh, 2006, pp. 61). According to Holm (2004, pp. 45) a pidgin is a reduced language that dissolvers from extended contact amidst groups of people with no language in common it evolves when they need some heart and soul of verbal conference, perhaps for trade, but no group attains the native language of any other group for social reasons that may include lack of avow or close contact. Usually those with less power (speakers of substrate languages) ar more accommodating and use words from the language of those with more power (the superstrate), although the meanin g, system and use of these words may be influenced by the substrate languages.When dealing with the other groups, the superstrate speakers adopt many of these changes to make themselves more readily understood and no longer try to speak as they do within their own group. Winford (in Wardhaugh, 2006, pp. 63) points out that pidginization is really a complexcombination of divergent surgical procedurees of change, including reduction and simplification of input materials, internal innovation, and regularization of structure, with L1 influence also playing a role. Pidgin is words thrown out, there is no structure, and usually it is non long lasting. However, adults who learn pidgin usually speak it for the rest of their lives, and consequently, they do not let out grammar. A pidgin is a restricted language which is used to communicate between two social groups of which one is in a more dominant position than the other. It involves situations in which a population speaks several dif ferent languages and is required to communicate on a regular basis, but none of the languages of the population has primacy all over the others.This situation is often found where multiple societies trade or where slave populations from multiple locations be brought into one area. The speakers create a mutual language using words from the speakers capture tongues and an extremely flexible, simplified grammar. Most linguists do not consider a pidgin to be a full-fledged language, but something that is used together due to circumstances and omitted when it is no longer needed. Todd (2005, pp. 17) mention there are various theories about the theme of pidgins which wee-wee been proposed in the last hundred years or so. These can be presented as a basic group of five theories which show a degree of overlap note that a mixture of origins is also a possibility which should also be considered.1.The Baby-Talk TheoryAt the end of the last coke Charles Leland, when discussing China coast pidgin English, noted that there were many equivalentities with the speech of children such as the fol belittleding features a.High percentage of content words with a correspondingly low number of function words. b.Little morphological marking.c.Word classes more flexible than in adult language (free conversion) d.Contrasts in area of pronouns greatly reduced.e.Number of inflections minimisedLater linguists, notably Jespersen and Bloomfield, brinytained that the characteristics of pidgins result from imperfect mastery of a language which in its initial stage, in the child with its first language and in thegrown-up with a second language learnt by imperfect methods, leads to a superficial knowledge of the most indispensable word, with total disregard of grammar (Jespersen 1922 234). The evaluative nature of such studys would be rejected by linguists today.2.Independent agree Development TheoryThis imagine maintains that the obvious similarities between the worlds pidgins and Cre oles arose on independent but parallel lines due to the fact that they all are derived from languages of Indo-European stock and, in the case of the Atlantic varieties, due to their sharing a common West African substratum. Furthermore, scholars like Robert Hall specify that the similar social and visible conditions under which pidgins arose were responsible for the development of similar linguistic structures.3.Nautical Jargon TheoryAs early as 1938 the American linguist potty Reinecke noted the possible influence of nautical slang expression on pidgins. It is obvious that on many of the original voyages of discovery to the developing world many nationalities were delineate among the crews of the ships. This fact led to the development of a core vocabulary of nautical items and a simplified grammar (at least as regards English). Later pidgins show many of these lexical items irrespective of where the language varieties are spoken. Thus the word capsise turns up with the meaning turn over or spill in both West Atlantic and Pacific pidgins. So do the words heave, hoist, hail, galley, cargo. One of the shortcomings of this otherwise attractive theory is that it does not help to account for the many structural affinities between pidgins which arose from different European languages.4.Monogenetic/Relexification TheoryAccording to this view all pidgins can be traced back to a single proto-pidgin, a 15th century Portuguese pidgin which was itself credibly a relic of the medieval lingua franca (also known as sabir from the Portuguese word for know) which was the common means of communication among the Crusaders and traders in the Mediterranean area. glossa franca survived longest on the North African coast and is attested from Algeria and Tunesia as late as the 19th century. The theory maintains that when the Portuguesefirst sailed down the atomic number 74 coast of Africa in the 15th century they would have used their form of lingua franca (sabir). Afterwards i n the 16th and 17th centuries when the Portuguese influence in Africa declined, the vocabulary of the then established pidgins would have been replaced by that of the new colonial language which was dominant in the area, adduce English or French.As the Portuguese were among the first traders in India and South East Asia a similar situation can be assumed to have obtained the vocabulary of the original Portuguese pidgin was replaced by that of a later European language. Note that with this theory the grammatical structure of pidgins would not have been effected by the switch in vocabulary (this is what is meant by the term relexification). Thus the obvious similarity in structure of all pidgins would go back to the grammar of the proto-pidgin coming from the Mediterranean area. What this theory does not explain is wherefore the structure ( analytic) should be of the symbol it is. Furthermore there are a number of marginal pidgins (Russenorsk, Eskimo Trade Jargon) which cannot conc eivably be connected with Portuguese and which are nonetheless analytic in structure just as the pidgins found on the main European colonial languages are.5.Universalist TheoryThis is the most recent view on the origin of pidgins and has elements in common with the other theories. However, the distinguishing mark of this theory is that it sees the similarities as due to universal tendencies among humans to create languages of a similar type, i.e. an analytic language with a simple phonology, an SVO syntax with little or no subordination or other sentence complexities, and with a lexicon which makes maximum use of lexical ambiguity (and devices such as reduplication) operating from a control core vocabulary. To put it in technical terms, a creole will be expected to have unmarked values for linguistic parameters, e.g. with the parameter pro-drop, whereby the personal pronoun is not obligatory with verb forms (cf. Italian capisco I understand), the unmarked setting is for no pro-dr op to be allowed and so this is the situation in all pidgins and creoles, a positive value being something which may appear later with the rise of a rich morphology.A.2 THE DEFINITION OF CreoleThe origin of the term creole is more certain. Latin creAre to create became Portuguese criar to raise (e.g. a child), whence the past participle criado (a person) raised a retainer natural into ones household. Crioulo, with a diminutive suffix, came to mean an African slave born in the New World in Brazilian usage. The words meaning was then extended to include Europeans born in the New World. The word finally came to refer to the customs and speech of Africans and Europeans born in the New World. It was later borrowed as Spanish criollo, French crole, Dutch creools and English creole (Holm, 2004, pp. 9) Just like a pidgin, a creole has no simple relationship to the usually standardized language with which it is associated. However, speakers of creoles, like speakers of pidgins, may well fe el that they speak something less than normal languages because of the way they and others view those languages when they compare them with other languages.Winford (in Wardhaugh, 2006, pp. 63) points out that creolization involves expansion of the morphology and syntax, regularization of the phonology, deliberate increase in the number of functions in which the language is used, and development of a sage and stable system for increasing vocabulary. But even though the processes are different, it is still not always clear whether we are talking about a pidgin, an expanded pidgin, or a creole in a certain situation. For example, the terms howdyan Pidgin English and Hawaiian Creole English may be used by even the same creolist (Bickerton, in Wardhaugh, 2006, pp. 64) to describe the same variety.Likewise, Tok Pisin is sometimes called a pidgin and sometimes a creole. A creole has a jargon or a pidgin in its ancestry it is spoken natively by an entire speech community, often one whose ancestors were displaced geographically so that their ties with their original language and sociocultural identity were partly broken. Such social conditions were often the result of slavery. The term creole is now mainly refer to languages which derive from pidgins and which, in many instances, dole out most of their vocabulary to other languages. A creole language differs from a pidgin language by the fact that it is a native language for the majority of its speakers. mental lexicon is extensively borrowed from other languages, but the grammar often shares some traits with the languages that contributed vocabulary. Grammar and syntax are as fully developed as any otherlong-established tongue. From those definitions, we can say that creole is the structured pidgin.B.THE PROCESS OF DEVELOPMENT FROM PIDGIN TO CreoleOriginally, by the definition, all pidgins were restricted with regard to user and use. In the early stages they would have had small vocabularies and few syntactic rule s they would have been capable of dealing with only a limited range of subjects, with commands, yes/no questions, and with the simplest of explanations. They would have utilized gesture to reinforce or wrap up meanings and they would have proved inadequate for sustained conversation. From these origins they developed either as extended pidgins or as creoles and became capable of expressing the views and beliefs of their users, became capable of permitting intergroup communication in areas where it had not existed before, became capable of sustaining a considerable literature. Not every pidgin eventually becomes a creole, i.e., undergoes the process of creolization.In fact, very few do. Most pidgins are lingua francas, vivacious to meet temporary local needs. They are spoken by people who use another language or other languages to serve most of their needs and the needs of their children. If a pidgin is no longer needed, it dies out. It may also be the case that the pidgin in a par ticular area must constantly be reinvented. Creolization occurs only when a pidgin for some reason becomes the variety of language that children must use in situations in which use of a full language is in effect denied them. A creole is the native language of some of its speakers. Professor Loreto Todd (2005, pp. 32 40) illustrate the creolization into four phases. Here is the brief descriptiona.Phase 1 Marginal sufferThis phase would have involved casual and unsustained contact between English speakers and the local people. From such contact a marginal pidgin evolves capable, with the help of gestures, of communicating physical needs and trading arrangements, etc. A marginal pidgin is inadequate for more than the most rudimentary forms of communication. Since it is grownuply supplemented by gesture, discussion is limited to tangible objects, particularly those in the immediate vicinity. Such a mode of communication is of limited value only.If the contact is prolonged and inti mate a fuller form of communication must develop and the pidgin either abandoned or expanded. It is likely that since the sixteenth century several pidgin Englishes have come into existence and died out. The only two options unresolved to a marginal pidgin are to disappear or to become more useful by the expansion of its resources.b.Phase 2 Period Of NativizationThis phase would have begun as soon as the pidgin English was used by and between local people. At this stage it could be expanded in only one way, from the users mother tongues. This phase helps to account for the indigenous lexical items and the numerous direct translations found in all pidgin and creole Englishes. The expansion of a pidgin is facilitated by two main factors its developing in a multilingual area and its use not so much in non-native to native contact as in contacts between native inhabitants speaking mutually unintelligible languages. In this phase can be occured reduplications.Reduplicated forms occur i n all the English- ground pidgins and creoles. Besides reduplications taken over from the local languages, three types of reduplicated English forms can be attested (a)reduplications to reduce the number of homophonous forms (b) reduplications which extend the meaning of the simple form (c)reduplications used as intensives, this type being confined to the adjective/verb class. Items borrowed from indigenous languages, the lexical items which found their way from local languages into pidgin and creole Englishes were often, not unexpectedly, related to the local culture and conditions. Word-compounding and calquing, to extend the pidgins vocabulary one could combine different items from the pidgin either (a) on the analogy of English patterns, or (b) in direct translations from the mother tongues.c.Phase 3 Influence From The possessive LanguageWhen a pidgin has evolved to phase 2 it is capable of being used as a mother tongue and it is from this point in development that it becomes hard, if not impossible, to distinguish between pidgins and creoles by purely linguistic criteria. At this time vocabularies were extended by borrowing lexical items from the dominant language. Usually, as in Hawaii and Sierra Leone, this language was English, but occasionally, as in Surinam, it was anotherEuropean language, Dutch in the case of Surinam. The pidgins expansion is normally closely associated with the dominant language, by which I mean the language of government and precept, and this, in turn, is almost always the language from which the pidgins basic vocabulary is derived.d.Phase 4 The Post-Creole ContinuumThis phase is limited to areas where English continued to be an official state language. When the contact between English and the related pidgin or creole was sustained and as education in standard English became more widespread, a process of decreolization occurred. When it is remembered that most extended pidgin and creole Englishes have been in contact with some form of non-creole English for up to three hundred years it is not surprising that they have been influenced to varying degrees by the prestigious standard though it may be only in the recent past, with the introduction of formal education and the spread of literacy in English, that the influences have really begun to make inroads.That the influence could have been a two-way traffic is dealt with later. The process of decreolization is most in evidence in the New World varieties, though it is to be found in all areas where the two types of language co-exist. As education through English was made compulsory in the West Indies long before such a policy was pursued in West Africa or even in urban areas of Papua New wop, it is to be expected that decreolization has proceeded furthest in the former area, and that its creoles have absorbed more and more features of standard English.C.EXAMPLE OF PIDGIN AND CREOLEPidgins often have a short life. If pidgins develop for a restricted functio n, they disappear when the function disappear. In some cases, however pidgins go on to develop into fully fledged languages or creole. Creole languages develop ways systematically signaling meaning such as verb tenses, and these may develop into inflections or affixes over time.Example of pidgin These lines are taken from a famous comic strip in Papua New Guinea Sapos yu kaikai planti pinat, bai yu kamap strong olsem phantom. Fantom, yu pren tru bilong mi. Inap yu ken helpim mi nau? Fantom, em i go we?TranslationIf you eat plenty of peanuts, you will come up strong like the phantom. Phantom, you are a true friend of mine. Are you able to help me now? Where did he go?Example of creole This table is taken from Janet Holmes, An Introduction to Sociolinguistics Creole languageTranslationKind of CreoleMo pe aste sa bananI am buying the bananaFrench based Seychelles Creole De bin alde luk dat big triThey always looked for a big treeEnglish based Roper River Creole A waka go a wosuHe walke d homeEnglish based SaranOlmaan i kas-im chekThe old man is cashing a checkEnglish based Cape York Creole Li pote sa bay moHe brought that for meFrench based Guyanais Ja fruher wir bleibenYes at first we remainedGerman based Papua New Guinea Pidgin German Dis smol swain i bin go fo maketThis little pig went to marketEnglish based Cameroon Pidgin Other example of creole are from Tok Pisin.Tok PisinEnglishTok PisinEnglishBik Big, largeBikimTo enlarge, make largeBrait WideBraitimTo make wideDaun LowDounimTo lowerNogut BadNogutimTo spoilPretAfraidPretimTo frighten, scareDotiDirtyDotimREFERENCESWardhaugh, Ronald. 2006. An Introduction to Sociolinguistic. Oxford Blackwell produce Holm, John. 2004. An Introduction to Pidgins and Creoles. Cambridge Cambridge University Press Todd, Loreto. 2005. Pidgins and Creoles. London RoutledgeKouwenberg, Silvia & Singler, John Victor. 2008. The Handbook of Pidgin and Creole Studies. Oxford Blackwell Publishing Ambarwati, Rosita. 2012. An Introductiont o Sociolinguistics Modul. Magetan Javas Grafika http//www.uni-due.de/SVE/VARS_PidginsAndCreoles.htm, (accessed at 08.36 a.m, October 4th, 2012) http//www.hevanet.com/alexwest/pidgin.html, (accessed at 08.36 a.m, October 5th, 2012)

Brain control

The brain controls all aspects of our functioning, from the moment we were conceived until the last of our breath. Much of what we do is not a result of just one attain or function of the brain but a series of simultaneous processes that all work at the same time to be adapted to sue a task. In this particular scenario wherein an individual, like myself for example, is in the middle of a room and has a table and two different colored balls, red on the leftfield(a) side and green on the right, is asked by another person to pick up the ball placed on the left side with my left hand.After which the instructor, which is behind the table asks what color is the ball that I picked. In accomplishing the aforementioned tasks, my brain testament go finished several processes that might dependm undistinguished when looked at in real time due to the immediate and rapidly firing neurons happening in an instant that we are not even alive(predicate) that these minute details are happening . I am in the middle of the room I tell apart where my purview is. Being aware of ones military post also requires that the brain recognize where I am. The parietal lobe of the cerebrum is responsible for orientation and movement (Serendip).This part of the brain allow be able to state me that I am in the middle because one of its functions is to construct a spacial coordinate system of rules to represent the area where I am to be found. The cerebrum is the largest part of the brain that is thought to control higher brain function like that of thought and action (Serendip). This information will reach our brain by an ascending path look. The afferent fibers will travel by the posterior column, like other functions such as sterognosis, graphesthesia, among many others (University of Idaho).The stimulus will travel through the spinal cord and will find itself interpreted in the somatosensory cortex of the parietal lobe (University of Idaho). After interpretation, I will now know my position and where I am. In addition to that, I see where I am. Without seeing my surroundings, I may not be able to actually predict my spatial location, which is the middle of the room. I know that I am in the middle of the room because I see the room and I was able to calculate that my position is in the middle of this big box of a room.This stimulus, particularly the visual one, wherein I was able to see the room and all of its contents, including the table in mien of me with the two balls and another person behind the table will be perceived by the visual area of the brain, which is the occipital lobe (Serendip). I can see where the objects are because there are light rays being reflected off them and these rays enter my eyes and pass through my lens. The image that will be projected through my lens will be an inverted version of what I see and this information will be sent to my retina (Montgomery).Inside the retina there are rod and cone cells that will produce sign als to be relayed onto the optic nerve and reach the lateral geniculate nucleus (Montgomery). The details of the objects and the person I see in bowel movement of my will travel to selected areas of the primary visual cortex and then to other areas of the cortex that would process the global aspects of the objects and the person in front of me like their shape, color, or movement (Montgomery). The person behind the table will ask me to pick up the left ball with my left hand. I will hear his instructions.The secular lobe of the cerebrum is the one to process the auditory stimuli that I receive as he said in his command. My ears will catch the sound and the auditory nerve will receive the stimuli and bring this to auditory nucleus of thalamus, which is the medial geniculate nucleus (Washington University School of Medicine). This will project to the primary auditory cortex in the blase lobes. After hearing and processing his command, I will now move my left hand to pick up the lef t ball. I already know which ball I am to pick up with my left hand as I saw the balls and the table and I interpreted its position relational to mine earlier.Now all I have to do is move my hands and pick it up. The primary motor cortex found in the precentral gyrus, is the area of the cerebrum that will process this movement (Dubuc). First off, I have already signaled my parietal and frontal lobes to alert my attentiveness in processing his command. Once I know that it is my left hand, which should pick the ball and not my right hand, I can tell my left hand to move already and this involves activation of the supplementary and premotor cortical areas and the application of these information from subcortical structures to the primary motor complex (Dubuc).A closer look at how this happens is through the passing of the stimulus to the corticospinal tract. The corticospinal tract is responsible for impact motor neurons located in the spinal cord that are responsible for movement of the axial muscles of body in addition to the arms and legs (Dubuc). The lateral system pathway is followed to produce this movement and the pathway involves passing through the fibers of the lateral corticospinal tract continuing onto the spinal cord before reaching the motor neurons (Dubuc). However, a unique process is occurring in the junction between the medulla and the spinal cord.Fibers coming from the lateral corticospinal tract cross the midline before continuing their way onto the opposite side of the spinal cord, and is called decussation (Dubuc). The cerebellum also plays a role in movement. The learned movement sequences are stored in the cerebellum, in addition to the coordination of movements and its fine-tuning, avoiding rough and large movements (Dubuc). This will help me know how to actually move my left hand and to avoid unnecessary movements. As I am now woful my left hand to reach the left ball, I know from my long-term entrepot what a ball is and what it loo ks like.I also know from repositing which is left and which is right. The genus Hippocampus is the part of the brain that is known to store our long-term memory. After knowing what a ball is and which is left and which is right, these information will be transferred from our short-term memory to our long-term memory. Information that we need to summon up every time is considered to be categorized as a long-term memory such as names, dates, colors, among many others. Long-term memory is of three types and color is categorized under semantic memory, that contains facts which we do not need an effort to recall (Aetna, Inc. ).The acquisition of memory happens when we learn the different colors and we learn to distinguish which is the left side from the right. Consolidation of this information will make us remember the colors and directions more. thus when needed, we will be able to easily recall this information. Since I have already identified which is the ball on my left and I have been able to move my left arm now to pick up the left ball, I can answer what color the ball is. According to the information given, the left ball is colored red. I know from my stored long-term memory and from what I see that the ball on the left side is red.Works Cited Aetna, Inc, Memory Loss. InteliHealth. 2004. InteliHealth. 22 Feb 2009 . Dubuc, Bruno. The repel Cortex. The brain. 2001. Canadian Institute of Neurosciences, Mental Health, and addiction. 22 Feb 2009 . Montgomery, Geoffrey. The Visual pathway. Howard Hughes Medical Institute. 2000. Howard Hughes Medical Institute. 22 Feb 2009 . Serendip, Brain Structures and their Functions. Brain and behavior. 2005. Serendip. 22 Feb 2009 . University of Idaho, Ascending Pathways. A self-study module to be used for Med Sci 532. 2004. University of Idaho. 22 Feb 2009 . Washington University School of Medicine, AUDITORY AND VESTIBULAR PATHWAYS. Neuroscience Tutorial. 1997. Washington University School of Medicine. 22 Feb 2009 .

European Invasion

The European onset of the New World from the 15th century to the 18th century altered the lives of the autochthonal Americans that lived in east North America in more ways than they couldve ever imagined. The New World provided raw materials, such as metal as soil. The grand invasion whole begun in 1492 which was then known as the massive white invasion and Columbuss discovery marked the beginning of this invasion which overtook all of North America over the next four centuries. The lives of the Native Americans would never be the same.European settlers introduced the Native Americans to new costumes solely not all, if any, were good. Europeans brought Christianity into the New World and introduced the Native Americans to the religion. Europeans thought that Native Americans would be easy to convert into Christianity. These people would be easy to convert to our holy faith is far-famed quote by Jacques Cartier. Europeans didnt consider the Native Americans opinions or beliefs a nd frankly they didnt care. Europeans also introduced the Native Americans with diseases that they werent use to, for example malaria and infections to smallpox and measles.Due to all of these diseases the population of North America decreased and continued to until about the 1700s. The Europeans were also armed with technology and the Native American cultures of their civilizations were lost. Europeans took over the New World surrounded by the 15th and 18th century, although that wasnt their main objective. Their main objective was to settle and gain land in North America. With the arrival of the Europeans governments and laws were formed that didnt do good the Native Americans in anyway.Europeans claimed lands and Native Americans were forced to accept that the Europeans were now in charge. Europeans had all the authority in the New World. Native Americans were experiencing New World imperialism. Native Americans became frightened and started living in fear. Decrease in populati on and war resulted in the creation of new communities for instance the Choctaw. To trade a faster ill-use and consume more money was what the Europeans dreamed of and they didnt want anything or anyone to get in the way of their dream. Native Americans were dragged into the expanding economy.Before the Europeans had invaded the New World, North America had a strong military force that began in the Mohawk Valley. They were known as the Iroquois and were merged by the Mohawks, the Oneidas, the Cayugas, and the Senecas, which was five Indian nations. The Native Americans were such powerful individuals but then the Europeans came along and stripped them of all their pride and altered the way they once looked at life. All and all, right before the Native Americans eyes trade was happening and the way they lived was never how it once was before.The Native Americans had their land ripped from right underneath them without any warning or any sign. Though the Native Americans of eastern N orth America may have had questions to why their lives were being altered. The Europeans invaded the New World during the 15th-18th century without any answers to why they were doing so. The Europeans had expectations and a plan. They didnt stop at any means and they were determined to follow through with the success of their invasion.

Bullying & Aggression Essay

Harmful effects of boss around (suicide, depression, decreased academic achievement, etc.) How to prevent intimidation from happening160,000 kids and teens stay home from school be crusade of bullying. Bully victims are between 2 to 9 times more likely to consider suicide than non-victims, resulting in about 4,400 deaths per year according to the CDC.Bullying is an issue that that is not taken seriously today. Even though statistics state that thirty percent of the students in the linked States are involved in bullying on a regular basis either as a victim , bully, or both. The effects bullying roll in the hay have on a person undersurface last throughout theirlives, or may even end it. What Is Bullying?Bullying, is unwanted scrappy behavior among school aged children that involves a real or perceived spring imbalance. The behavior is repeated, or has the potential to be repeated, overtime, according to stopbullying.gov. There are different types of bullying,Verbal bullyingSa ying or writing mean things teasing, name-calling, inappropriate sexual comments, taunting, threatening to cause harm Social BullyingInvolves annoyance persons reputation or relationships. Often referred to as relational bullying -Telling other children not to be friends with some ace-Spreading rumors about someone-Embarrassing someone in public( Social bullying is mainly seen in girls)Physical bullyinginvolves hurting a persons body or possessions Hitting, kicking, fetching or breaking someones things, making mean or rude hand gesturesThere is a variety of reasons of why bullying or being bullied is caused. Some of the reasons are Cultural CausesWe are part of a culture where we are influenced by power, violence, and winning. Experts suggest that not being influenced by these factors seems unrealistic. stack will seek to gain power through violence, or verbal abuse. Being from a different religion, or a different race can be some of the reasons for being bullied. Having PowerBe ing a bully gives you some sort of power over other students . Research indicates that the fact of having power make people wish to wield it in a noticeable way. Social IssuesThe fact that someone gets more social recognition for having negative behaviors than for imperious ones can contribute to the reasons why bullying exists. Jealousy or envy and lack of social skills to deal with theseemotions can also lead to bullying. Experiencing social rejection can also produce a bully. The bully passes it on making his peers feel the same rejection he felt. Being different according to society, can be one of the reasons for being, bullied. Not fitting in, or not having the same social status as the rest of your classmates can lead to being bullied. Family IssuesA home where in that respect is no love or support towards the children is more likely to produce bullies. In a family where there is no discipline and monitoring, there is a greater chance of a child becoming a bully. A family is sue, like both parents working full-time, or a divorce, can be a cause of being bullied. The child doesnt feel like he has family support, nor someone to talk to at home, causing him to be insecure and in need of attention. make him an easy target for a bully. Effects of Bullying

Texting and Driving

Driving a Thin Line Id be lying if I said I never text while drive. But I recognize the dangers, and try to do it as little as possible. However, there be still incidents that occur. One day, I was driving down Highway 6, passing Walmart, and earnd a text from my brother asking what conviction baseb either set was. I went to reply and took my focus withdraw my driving. This immediately discontinueangered myself, anyone else in the car, and e preciseone in the cars around me. While texting, I demand no ability to move to events as they occur around me on the bridle-path.Even if I whitethorn be able to text while driving and maintain control and non crash, if someone around was to do something dumb, my ability to react safely to that is severely diminished. For example, the other day I was driving home on Williams Trace, my radio din 94. 5 The Buzz, Erik in the passenger seat, when someone swerved to avoid debris on the road. I was able to react to this, and shrink out of the way, beca apply I was focused alone on the road, with no distractions.Driving is always grievous, because even if I drive perfectly, I could still stupefy in a wreck because of the actions of others, over which I have no control. And by texting while driving the chances of this argon greatly increased. That also assumes that when texting, I am also able to retain 100% of my normal driving faculties. This is completely false though. Even if I am able to text without expression at my think, my mind is still distracted from an activity that requires my wide-cut attention.And if I do take my eye off the road to text, I might as well be driving blind. My ability to conduct myself safely is almost completely gone at that point. at that place have been times when Ive been looking at my knell texting, wherefore looked up to find myself cursorily approaching stopped cars, and had to slam on the brakes. E genuinely time so far Ive been lucky, precisely that scum bagister onl y last so long. last I wont look up in time, and will slam into the ass of those cars. Every time I pick up my scream, Im putting lives on the line. Who knows wholl be in that car I hit?It could be full of little kids on their way home from soccer practice, and I just potentially hit them. Texting while driving goes beyond just endangering myself on the road. Every time I pick up that phone, Im potentially harming all of my passengers, plus all the cars around me. A lot of the time when I drive, my brother is in the passenger seat. So when I drive with him, its my responsibility to keep him safe. It goes beyond just making a stupid conclusiveness that affects myself, Im making a stupid decision that affects my little brother.Im putting his life on the line through my own foolishness and selfishness. The same holds true for anyone on the road with me. That nanna driving to the store to pick up some groceries, or the little kid riding along with their parents to get some lunch, I m in person putting their lives on the line when I text and drive. There is rarely any legitimate reason to text and drive. The vast majority of the texts I receive and send are not life or death situations that require my immediate attention, besides when I answer that text, I put myself in a life or death situation.Im also failing in the responsibility that I and every other person takes up when they get behind the wheel, to drive to the best of my abilities in order to keep myself and those around me safe. It would hurt nil if I was to simply ignore my phone for the duration of the trip, therefore answer any essences Ive received. So by texting while driving, Im putting at risk the lives of all around me, plus my own, all so that good deal have conversation that could conceal.Texting and DrivingIt has commercial-grades, ads, and billboards all over the united States promoting not to text and drive it potentiometer wait, because it is very dangerous not only for their life but others as well. This somewhat graphic commercial asserts that an ordinary person nates take their eyes off the road and in an instance destroy his/her live or the lives of others, and does this omnipotently through graphic images, common text capacity subject matter, and a invalidating theme. The use of graphic Images are very apparent In this commercial. This commercial call forths to their sense of compassion by having a very shocking end result.In the rhetorical appeal they are using ethos because they are masking what could really go through. They choose to use very graphic real images, so state may truly comprehend and agnize what nookie happen that fast. The somewhat disturbing result assistants pack to see the real case scenario in hopes that maybe they can get the message across. It has a very wound up mood because no one wants to crash and possibly die from that mistake. This commercial Is very appealing because it whole kit to image that how quick things can happen.The first time someone sees this particular commercial AT&T can remember hasten a denunciation to never ext and drive again. It interprets that the text messages are coming through and the girl is reading and examination back then the crash happened. The rescue people knew she was exam and driving because they found her phone and text messages were still coming through and she crashed not long after she sent the text. It Is one thing to determine what can happen, but to actually see a real Life scenario on the TV screen did something to the viewers, and they believe this happens to too many when they see it.The commercial appeals to teenagers by showing a common theme in their conversations. The girl is testing her friend about a boy. She keeps looking down at her phone and back up at the road. The testing then suddenly becomes more(prenominal) Interesting to her, and she Is more wrapped up in the phone than she is the road. Then she does not make It to wher e she Is passing because that text was more knows she is about to crash, but it is then too late to do anything about it. Waiting to check a phone can help save people from getting hurt or killed.Taking eyes off of the road for five seconds equals driving the length of a football game house without looking at the road. Testing and driving is as bad as drinking and driving. Most people who are exiting and driving spend more time in the other lane than their own. The ad is not only for teenagers but it is for everyone. Parents are Just as bad as teenagers about testing and driving. Phones show be turned off while the vehicle is in motion and not back on till the vehicle stops. Negative themes are preferably uncommon for commercials.Commercials usually try to promote the ads. In a rhetorical appeals, they use pathos because they are showing the emotional content. In this instance, it is very effective to teenagers. The commercial makes them actually believe that this could happen to them. AT&T wants to use the worst possible scenario to make sure teenagers see the consequences that could come of their actions. cipher wants to recur a love one because of this mistake, so that is why the commercial is promoting to not text and drive.Negative images are more realistic and make people actually see what can happen very quickly. Making the mistake to text while driving is not only putting one persons life in danger but everyone who they meet on the road. When meeting a car on the same side of the road is never a good ruling and then beholding them on their phone. AT has decided against preaching the same boring message we may hear room our parents stay off of that phone They have elect a much more effective way to get the message across by using a drastic and emotional theme.As people can see, AT effectively uses a common text message conversation, a negative theme, and graphic images to get a very powerful message across. Since AT is so popular, people think it can potentially save more lives. It pulls at the viewers heart strings and shows Just how easily something the like this can happen if they do not pay attention to the road. AT&T is trying to get the message out that the text messages can wait. There is nothing more important to do or say while driving.Texting and DrivingIt has commercials, ads, and billboards all over the united States promoting not to text and drive it can wait, because it is very dangerous not only for their life but others as well. This somewhat graphic commercial asserts that an ordinary person can take their eyes off the road and in an instance destroy his/her live or the lives of others, and does this effectively through graphic images, common text message subject matter, and a negative theme. The use of graphic Images are very apparent In this commercial. This commercial appeals to their sense of compassion by having a very shocking end result.In the rhetorical appeal they are using ethos because they a re showing what could actually happen. They choose to use very graphic real images, so people may actually listen and see what can happen that fast. The somewhat disturbing result helps people to see the real case scenario in hopes that maybe they can get the message across. It has a very emotional mood because no one wants to crash and possibly die from that mistake. This commercial Is very appealing because it works to show Just how quick things can happen.The first time someone sees this particular commercial AT&T can remember make a vow to never ext and drive again. It shows that the text messages are coming through and the girl is reading and testing back then the crash happened. The rescue people knew she was testing and driving because they found her phone and text messages were still coming through and she crashed not long after she sent the text. It Is one thing to hear what can happen, but to actually see a real Life scenario on the TV screen did something to the viewers, and they believe this happens to too many when they see it.The commercial appeals to teenagers by showing a common theme in their conversations. The girl is testing her friend about a boy. She keeps looking down at her phone and back up at the road. The testing then suddenly becomes more Interesting to her, and she Is more wrapped up in the phone than she is the road. Then she does not make It to where she Is going because that text was more knows she is about to crash, but it is then too late to do anything about it. Waiting to check a phone can help save people from getting hurt or killed.Taking eyes off of the road for five seconds equals driving the length of a football field without looking at the road. Testing and driving is as bad as drinking and driving. Most people who are exiting and driving spend more time in the other lane than their own. The ad is not only for teenagers but it is for everyone. Parents are Just as bad as teenagers about testing and driving. Phones show b e turned off while the vehicle is in motion and not back on till the vehicle stops. Negative themes are quite uncommon for commercials.Commercials usually try to promote the ads. In a rhetorical appeals, they use pathos because they are showing the emotional content. In this instance, it is very effective to teenagers. The commercial makes them actually believe that this could happen to them. AT&T wants to use the worst possible scenario to make sure teenagers see the consequences that could come of their actions. Nobody wants to lose a love one because of this mistake, so that is why the commercial is promoting to not text and drive.Negative images are more realistic and make people actually see what can happen very quickly. Making the mistake to text while driving is not only putting one persons life in danger but everyone who they meet on the road. When meeting a car on the same side of the road is never a good feeling and then seeing them on their phone. AT has decided against p reaching the same boring message we may hear room our parents stay off of that phone They have chosen a much more effective way to get the message across by using a drastic and emotional theme.As people can see, AT effectively uses a common text message conversation, a negative theme, and graphic images to get a very powerful message across. Since AT is so popular, people think it can potentially save more lives. It pulls at the viewers heart strings and shows Just how easily something like this can happen if they do not pay attention to the road. AT&T is trying to get the message out that the text messages can wait. There is nothing more important to do or say while driving.Texting and DrivingIt has commercials, ads, and billboards all over the united States promoting not to text and drive it can wait, because it is very dangerous not only for their life but others as well. This somewhat graphic commercial asserts that an ordinary person can take their eyes off the road and in an instance destroy his/her live or the lives of others, and does this effectively through graphic images, common text message subject matter, and a negative theme. The use of graphic Images are very apparent In this commercial. This commercial appeals to their sense of compassion by having a very shocking end result.In the rhetorical appeal they are using ethos because they are showing what could actually happen. They choose to use very graphic real images, so people may actually listen and see what can happen that fast. The somewhat disturbing result helps people to see the real case scenario in hopes that maybe they can get the message across. It has a very emotional mood because no one wants to crash and possibly die from that mistake. This commercial Is very appealing because it works to show Just how quick things can happen.The first time someone sees this particular commercial AT&T can remember make a vow to never ext and drive again. It shows that the text messages are coming t hrough and the girl is reading and testing back then the crash happened. The rescue people knew she was testing and driving because they found her phone and text messages were still coming through and she crashed not long after she sent the text. It Is one thing to hear what can happen, but to actually see a real Life scenario on the TV screen did something to the viewers, and they believe this happens to too many when they see it.The commercial appeals to teenagers by showing a common theme in their conversations. The girl is testing her friend about a boy. She keeps looking down at her phone and back up at the road. The testing then suddenly becomes more Interesting to her, and she Is more wrapped up in the phone than she is the road. Then she does not make It to where she Is going because that text was more knows she is about to crash, but it is then too late to do anything about it. Waiting to check a phone can help save people from getting hurt or killed.Taking eyes off of the road for five seconds equals driving the length of a football field without looking at the road. Testing and driving is as bad as drinking and driving. Most people who are exiting and driving spend more time in the other lane than their own. The ad is not only for teenagers but it is for everyone. Parents are Just as bad as teenagers about testing and driving. Phones show be turned off while the vehicle is in motion and not back on till the vehicle stops. Negative themes are quite uncommon for commercials.Commercials usually try to promote the ads. In a rhetorical appeals, they use pathos because they are showing the emotional content. In this instance, it is very effective to teenagers. The commercial makes them actually believe that this could happen to them. AT&T wants to use the worst possible scenario to make sure teenagers see the consequences that could come of their actions. Nobody wants to lose a love one because of this mistake, so that is why the commercial is promoting t o not text and drive.Negative images are more realistic and make people actually see what can happen very quickly. Making the mistake to text while driving is not only putting one persons life in danger but everyone who they meet on the road. When meeting a car on the same side of the road is never a good feeling and then seeing them on their phone. AT has decided against preaching the same boring message we may hear room our parents stay off of that phone They have chosen a much more effective way to get the message across by using a drastic and emotional theme.As people can see, AT effectively uses a common text message conversation, a negative theme, and graphic images to get a very powerful message across. Since AT is so popular, people think it can potentially save more lives. It pulls at the viewers heart strings and shows Just how easily something like this can happen if they do not pay attention to the road. AT&T is trying to get the message out that the text messages can w ait. There is nothing more important to do or say while driving.

Freshwater & resource Essay

Freshwater is a valu up to(p) natural resource, but freshwater is only 3% of the total volume of water in the world. Two-thirds of this is found in glaciers and polar ice caps thus leaves only 1% which mountain be quick acquired. Humans and other living organism on Earth need water to be able to survive. Freshwater is important in the transportation of nutrients in reason and is necessary for the propagation of plantations that support vitality for other organisms.Freshwater is a scarce resource however it is easily contaminated by homosexual activities. Human activities such as mining can contaminate rivers with heavy metals. It can also disrupt the ecological balance that requires the use of freshwater. Farmers who use excessive pesticide can contaminate freshwater supplies. Pesticides sip into the soil and flows to rivers when it rains. This human activities causes health problems, not only to humans but to other organisms as well.In most regions of the world, freshwater i s not used efficiently. Irrigations and artificial dams disturb the water ecosystem. Irrigations and artificial dams direct the flow of freshwater to other paths which can harm organism who highly require freshwater. The ecological balance is destroyed which can affect several organisms that is part of the ecosystem. Excessive irrigation also induces desertification. Desertification is the decline of biological and economic activity of the soil.Desertification has been seen places near the world, such as China wherein farmers used irrigation inefficiently. Freshwater is renewable but it should be used in way that nothing is wasted. More and more people over the world are experiencing the lack of freshwater. Creating an powerful water management is the only solution for this problem.ReferencesRichter, B. (2003). bionomicly sustainable water management managing river flows for ecological integrity. Ecological Applications , 13 (1), 206-224

Equality and diversity in the health sector Essay

mindYou should use this bill to complete your Assessment.How to complete and send your AssessmentSave a imitation of this document, either onto your computer or USB drive. Work done your Assessment, remembering to save your realize regularly When youve finished, print out a copy to keep for reference Then, go to www.vision2learn.com and send your completed Assessment to your tutor via your My Study atomic number 18a choke to sure it is clearly marked with your name, the course title and the Unit and Assessment number.Please note that this Assessment has 6 pages and is made up of 3 Sections.NameSection 1 fill out how legislation and guidelines animation equality and diversity 1. Use the t sufficient infra toa. Describe the rights of a clasp of individuals who have champion or more of the 9 protect qualitys in the organisation/service you work for (or one that you argon familiar with). b. State how the law protects the rights of these individuals. Name the legislation. c. Identify guidelines within your organisation to vow the bounce equality, diversity, dignity and respect. item-by-item (colleague/ manager or service user) and protected feature What are their rights?Legislation that protects their rightsHow does this legislation protect their rights?Which guidelines support equality, dignity diversity or respect in relation to this soulfulness? Example 1 feminine disabled colleagueProtects them from harassment, entitles to equal pay, treated like e rattlingoneelseExample 2Service User, Client, Elderly soulNot to be discriminated against.To be shown respect and dignity.For teaching about them to be confidential.Freedom from harassment (quiet enjoyment). secrecy within own roomThe Human Rights Act, 1998Protects against unlikeness, and harassment, pair Opportunities Policy, Sex discrimination Policy, Safeguarding Policy, Human Rights Act, Health & affable Care Act 2008Example 3Black employee workerEquality, treated as an individual, and sa me as everyone else, not to be prejudiced in any way, The Equality Act 2010Protects against discrimination, and harassment,Equal Opportunities Policy, Sex discrimination Policy, Safeguarding Policy, Human Rights Act, Race Relations Act 1976Example 4Transsexual ManagerEquality, treated as an individual, and same as everyone else, not to be prejudiced in any way, The Equality Act 2010Protects against discrimination, and harassment,Equal Opportunities Policy, Sex discrimination Policy, Safeguarding Policy, Human Rights Act, Sex Discrimination Act 1975Section 2 Know how to work in ways that support equality and diversity 1. List a range of factors that skill be a cause for discrimination in the health sector. Include at least 4 examples in your answer. Direct Discrimination occurs when aroundone is treated less favourably than another person because of a protected characteristic. Relevant protected characteristics include age, disability, gender reassignment, race, religion or belief , sex, sexual orientation, marriage & civil partnership, maternalism and maternity. For example, a manager does not select a pregnant woman for promotion even through they meet all of the competencies because they are pregnant. This is probably direct discrimination and cannot be warrant. Indirect discrimination occurs when a seemingly neutral provision, criterion or practice that applies to everyone places a group who share a characteristic e.g. figure of disability at a particular disadvantage. Indirect discrimination whitethorn be justified if it can be shown that the provision, criterion or practice is a proportionate means of achieving a lawful aim.An example of this is when an employer decides to apply a no hats or headgear blueprint to staff. If this rule is applied in exactly the same way to every member of staff, then staff who may cover their heads as part of their religion or cultural background (such as Sikhs, Jews, Muslims and Rastafarians) will not be able to meet this requirement of the dress code and may face disciplinary action as a result. Unless the employer can objectively justify using the rule, this will be indirect discrimination. Relevant protected characteristic include age, marriage and civil partnership, race, religion or belief, sex and sexual orientation. In addition, the Act extends guard against unjustified indirect discrimination to gender reassignment and disability. Victimisation occurswhen an employer is treated unfavourably, disadvantaged or subjected to a hurt because they have made or supported a like of discrimination or raised a grievance under the Equality Act, this policy or the Harassment, Bullying and Discrimination policy or because they are suspected of doing so. (However, an employee is not protected from victimisation if they have maliciously made or supported an false complaint).An example, of this is when an employee requests to work flexibly and their manager refuses their request because they supporte d a colleague in a complaint of discrimination. Detriment arising from a disability arises when you treat a disabled person unfavourably because of something connected with their disability. This type of discrimination is unlawful where the employer or other person acting for the employer knows, or could reasonably expected to know, that the person had a disability. This type of discrimination is only lawful if the action can be justified and the employer can show that is a proportionate means of achieving a legitimate aim. An example of this when an employer imposes a no beards rule as a part of a dress code and tells staff they will be construct grow if they do not comply. The employee is a disabled person who has a skin condition which makes shaving very painful. They have been treated unfavourably (threat of disciplinary action) because of something arising from their disability (their inability to shave). Unless the employer can objectively justify the requirement, this may b e a detriment arising from a disability. It may also be a failure to make a reasonable adjustment.2. Describe how pluralitys values and beliefs may differ. Think about the range of people you come into contact with to help you answer this question.Description of personDescription of their values and beliefsHow susceptibility they differ from your own beliefs or from other peoples? Service userfF Food and tipsiness-how they like to be addressed and spoken to-personal care living or deceased-privacy and dignity-the information they are giventhe support they would liketheir faith or belief.Everyone has different values, beliefs and preferences. What I view in, what I see as important and what I see as acceptable or desirable is an indispensable part of who I am. The way in which I respond to people is linked to what I believe in, what I consider important and what interests me. I may find I react positively to people who share my values and less warmly to people who have differen t priorities. When I develop friendships, it is born(p) to spend time with people who share my interests and values. As a professional, I am required to earmark the same quality of support for all, not just for those who share my views and beliefs.3. Read these scenarios. Can you identify ways in which the people in them can be treated honestly in conformism with their inescapably?Scenario 1Carl is a care friend at a occupierial care home. Another care assistant, Helen, has worked there for a long time and is often not particularly fair to residents whose catering needfully are different from others. So to vegetarians, she might say Dont you miss bacon? and to Jewish residents she might say the chef will have to prepare yours differently wont she? Thats gonna precede senseless time for her. She has also commented on Muslim residents needs to fast at certain times of the grade and to pray at certain times of the day. Carl is disquieting when she does this and feels it may j eopardise his working relationship with her. Helen knows that Carl feels uncomfortable and is aware that she may come across as a bit of a dinosaur in her attitude. She intends to go to her manager to resolve the number.PersonHow can they be treated fairly?How is this treatment in accordance with their needs?ResidentsShould be treated with dignity and respect, and spoke to in a polite manner, and not be discriminated against This is in accordance with Equality Act 2010Scenario 2doyen has mild Downs Syndrome and enjoys an active and busy bread and only whenter with friends and family. He has applied for a job as a hospital porter. The interview goes well but Dean does not get the job. Deans friend Rajesh works at the hospital and tells Deans parents that he didnt get the job because the manager has preconceptions about the capabilities of people with Downs Syndrome. Rajesh gets into trouble from his manager for speaking his mind and revealing confidential information.PersonHow ca n they be treated fairly?How is this treatment in accordance with their needs?DeanShould be given a chance and opportunity to get the job, as his interview went well This is in accordance with the Equality Act 2010Section 3 Know how to respond to behaviour that is discriminatory 1. Take a look at the examples in the table below (or use your own). Complete the table by outlining the discriminatory behaviour and explaining how it undermines equality and diversity. Example of situation in the workplaceWhich behaviour is discriminatory?How does it undermine equality and diversity?A restrain who is not openly gay is ousted by his friend and colleague. Patients overhear and refuse treatment. Colleagues taunt him over the issue. Patients not allowing the nurse to give them treatment, colleagues taunting him, belittling and patronising commentsBy treating someone badly or victimising them, and universe less fair about their equality rights. A healthcare assistant suspects one of the resid ents in the care home has lunacy but instead of approaching the residents family or her manager about the issue, she simply tells hercolleagues what she thinks. Everyone starts treating the resident differently. As a result, the resident is confused and becomes withdrawn. Giving her own personal opinion and beliefs, and not being confidential about the residents illness, by not talking to the appropriate people involved with the care of the resident. This is conflicting behaviour, as it is not treating the client with dignity and respect.A pregnant administration assistant in a clinic approaches her line manager about her fears for her job after she goes on maternity leave. Her line manager suggests she shouldnt have got pregnant in the first place and says We will need to replace you in some way. I cant guarantee youll have a job to come back to. This would be direct discrimination because of pregnancy and cannot be justified.It does not give fair treatment to the pregnant assist ant and equal opportunity2. Choose one of the situations from the table above. How would you report this discriminatory behaviour, and what impact would your actions have? smudgeWhich method or procedure would you use to report this behaviour? What impact would your actions have?A nurse who is not openly gay is ousted by his friend and colleague. Patients overhear and refuse treatment. Colleagues taunt him over the issueI would notify my line manager of any concerns with regard to the conduct of other employees, service users, the humankind or third parties. The impact this would have is that my manager will deal with the bad treatment and take steps to put an end to it.Once you have completed all 3 sections of this Assessment, go to. put down in to the platform and send your Assessment to your tutor via your My Study page for marking. Good luck

Facebook: Social Network or Social Disaster

Facebook Social Network or Social disaster Your busy day is d sensation. You head home open up your lap book binding or head e reallyplace to your desktop and bust it on. After impatiently waiting for everything to load on your computer you open up your web browser. You go to the top of the page and type in www. face and arrow down in the drop box to http//www. facebook. com/. As the web amazee loads you wait in anticipation. When the blue bar at the top of the page loads you immediately run across to the left hand corner of that bar.You glance oer the freshman icon which is a silhouette of two mountain. Any friend requests? You thusly skim over to the succeeding(prenominal) icon, a picture of two meat bubbles. They remind you of the ones you would see in a cartoon. Any messages? You then proceed to direct your eyes over to the last icon, the world icon. Any Notifications? You flip on these icons and with that click you begin a social interaction with someone. For umteen h oi polloi, what I described above is an action they do everyday. Over 500 million people worldwide live their lives on Facebook. (Fletcher and Ford, 32) After reading this plagiarize I asked myself one question, Is it the communication aspect of facebook that ca affairs everyone to be addicted to facebook or is there much to this dependency? I know I go on Facebook more or less everyday without fail but wherefore? Do I go on to communicate and use Facebook as a social interlock or do I go on it mainly to get the dirt on others and what is difference on in their lives?I came to the conclusion that Facebook is definitely a good place to keep in communication with people, however, in many ways, Facebook has definitely been misuse and become gossip central. When you hypothecate about Facebook what is the commencement exercise thing that comes to your mind? The first thing for me is friends. Right now I have 933 friends on Facebook and friends be a very important part of ev eryones lives. Facebook, like any other social profit, gives you the ability to communicate with friends, coworkers, family members, and people from all over the world.You request to be their friend and wait for them to accept that request. at that place are so many people on Facebook today it would be rare to turn bordering to the person that sits bordering to you in math class and for them not to have a Facebook account. It is a very easy way to get in contact with those whom you may not have seen in a while. Old friends that over the years have become acquaintances or even friends that you spatet let the cat out of the bag to on a regular basis because they live in a completely different domain then you.For many of my high school years I went on missions trips to Mexico to help out at an orphanage down there. I met many different people and as the years went by I sorted forward to seeing my farsighted lost friends. Because of Facebook, I no longer have to call them my l ong lost friends because I potentiometer keep in contact with them through Facebook. I think it is salient that so many of my friends are on Facebook and this is another way that I drive out communicate with them. However, one danger of having friends on Facebook is that some of the friends you accept may be quite superficial. Muise, Christofides, Desmarais, 442). I have almost a thousand friends on Facebook do you really think that I am as airless to all of them as I am with my best friend? No, that is ridiculous. However, because Facebook is much(prenominal) an open social network and give us many different ways to communicate with others it has a tendency to give us a more open look at life so people tend to conduct more intimate aspects on life over their facebook location. It has changed our social DNA, and made us more accustom to openness (Fletcher and Ford, 33).When we share these intimate aspects we are not necessarily thinking, I hope everyone sees this. We are jus t thinking about the friends we usually interact with on facebook, but the problem is anyone that you have judge as a friend ordure see that status change. For example, I am friends with my mother on Facebook and when I asked her what her favorite thing about Facebook was she replied, My favorite part about Facebook is that I stick out look on my kids profile and see what they have been up to. I got a similar response from a friend that said she likes Facebook because it keeps her in on the latest gossip. This is why we need to be careful when on facebook. Not everyones intent while on Facebook is to enhance communication. Some people use Facebook as their midpoint for gossip and you never know who has this outlook while interacting over Facebook. Facebook offers many different ways to communicate with others. Status updates is just one of the many different services facebook offers. Status updates are a nice way to communicate what you are doing from a day to day asis or share improvident quotes that you found interesting. These status updates definitely help communication between people. Another service Facebook offers to communicate with others is the message service. If you motive to have a private converse with one or more people you can use the message service. This message service is somewhat like an email in the sense that you can send and receive messages that no one but the int finish recipient can see. This is helpful if you want to plan a surprise party for some one and only want certain people to know about it.This service is a very good way to have an intimate conversation with others, and I think that it is a very good service. However, many people dont use the message box as much as they should. This creates problems over Facebook. Another conversation method that is used on facebook is posting on others wall. The only problem with this is that everyone can see your wall. This can create many social mishaps. While social networks sites p rovide the opportunity to reunite with long lost friends, they also bequeath people to make their information public within their circle of friends. (Muise, Christofides, Desmarais, 442) Anyone that is your friend can look at your wall posts and read into it wrong and start a huge rumor about you that ruins your reputation. It is that easy for a simple post on Facebook to be turned into a rumor and soon enough it leave alone be all over your wall and all your friends will see it, making Facebook a center for gossip. That is why I recall if the wall posting service is used unwisely it can turn Facebook into a social disaster waiting to happen. Facebook makes it easy to see what is going on in everyone lives.It gives you notifications when anyone does something such as post on your wall or make a comment on your status or pictures. On your home page it gives you a play by play of what everyone of your friends are doing over Facebook. It tells you when they are online so if you want ed to have a brief conversation with them you could just click on their picture icon and a little chat box will pop up. Also on the home page all your friends status changes will be listed on it and you can freely comment or like them whenever you would like.I think these notifications are very helpful ways to quick send out a conversation to someone so you can keep up a relationship with someone even when our lives are hectic and we dont have time to sit down with them for coffee. However, Facebook is very addicting. Tynee Seno from the Philippines quotes, On average, I spend about four hours a day on Facebook- more time then I spend outside. (Facebook and You, 34) From personal experience, I can suspect that Tynee is not just conversing with others over facebook for the whole four hours he is on Facebook everyday.When I spend an overwhelming metre of time on Facebook Im usually looking for an in. I dont know how many times I have read something over Facebook and went immediatel y to my phone to text someone about what I had read over facebook. Did you see what she posted on his wall? And as simple as that, another gossip chain has begun. For many, it is not intentional to start this gossip chain. As humans, we are just very curious beings and sometime I even believe that jealousy can get involved. Facebook may expose an individual to potentially jealousy-provoking information. (Muise, Christofides, and Desmarais, 443) Like I said before, we dont do this on purpose. It is just in our human nature to do this. However, I want to kick upstairs you that next time you read something on Facebook that wasnt meant for you to read, instead of going and sharing it with the world, try to look past it. Just think how you would feel if you posted something without thinking who all would see your post and it ended up getting spread around in a nasty rumor. If we can avoid this we can avoid making Facebook a place where simple socialization can turn into a disaster.So m y advice is, next time you sit down at that computer and go straight to Facebook be careful because you wouldnt want a simple post to be the start of a social disaster. I think that overall Facebook has great potential in helping people communicate with others. It helps me communicate with people from Mexico by allowing me to be friends with whomever I want, as well as helping me keep in touch with people through its different venues for communicating with people. I think that Facebook is a great social network, however, I believe that it can be made into a social disaster if it were to be misused.Works Cited Facebook and You. (Cover story). Time 175. 21 (2010) 34-35. donnish lookup Premier. EBSCO. Web. 2 Nov. 2010. Fletcher, Dan, and Andrea Ford. Friends Without Borders. (Cover story). Time 175. 21 . (2010) 32-38. Academic Search Premier. EBSCO. Web. 2 Nov. 2010. Muise, Amy, Emily Christofides, and Serge Desmarais. More Information than You eer Wanted Does Facebook Bring Out t he Green-Eyed Monster of Jealousy?. CyberPsychology & Behavior 12. 4 (2009) 441-444. Academic Search Premier. EBSCO. Web. 2 Nov. 2010