Impacts of Incarceration Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 500 words

Impacts of Incarceration - Essay Example The individual families usually undergo a lot of hardship as it may lead to the loss of income. When the bread winner of the family is incarcerated, the individual family usually ends up losing their income and hence creating financial difficulties. The relationship between the family members and the incarcerated individual is also eroded as they may be unable to visit the member due to various reasons including the financial difficulties. The composition of the house hold is usually restructured forcibly due to the incarceration of a family member. For example, the wives have to play all the roles in the family when their husbands are incarcerated. On the other hand, the fathers have to play all the family roles when their wives are incarcerated. This trend is increasingly becoming common among the poor black neighborhoods where the levels of incarceration are high as noted by the US Department of Justice (Liebling & Maruna, 2013). The individual families usually face a lot of stigm a as they are associated with the crime. This leads to more difficulties with most of the families becoming isolated. This causes a lot of stress and pain to the individual families. According to the media reports, the prison population in the United States of America has undergone tremendous growth in the last 35 years. The high number of population in the prisons has affected the community. Mass incarceration of members of a particular community usually leads to the weakening of the labour market within the community as people with different expertise in the community are in prison. The rate of marriage has also been seen to reduce among the African Americans in the United States of America due to the high number of incarceration of the community members (Schnittker, et al, 2011). The health outcomes of the community are usually impacted negatively and a high rate of

Acoustic emission Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 1750 words - 1

Acoustic emission - Essay Example nown as AE sensors and the substance is normally left un-impacted since the energy emanates from the location of the occurrence and therefore there are no requirements for any energy from the outside environment (Jolly, 78). One of the most powerful means used in ascertaining the substance’s (those succumbed with stress) internal alterations and tendencies is the acoustic emission (AE) testing. The tool basically an efficient method of determining the changes caused from the breaking of fibers, cracks elongations, other instances of on-going destruction taking place in Substances that are stressed, and so on, by simply detecting and changing into electric impulses these waves of sound produced. In other words, this is simply to allude that substances which are under some stress usually scream or talk and the AE testing tool comes in handy in ‘listening’ to these sounds and noises (Scruby, 124). The pioneer AE testing was performed by the U.S Navy in 1961 in the industry of the Aerospace. The goal of this study (hydrostatic testing) was to determine the Polaris rocket’s efficiency and a decision was later struck to employ equipment for the analysis of the level of sound, a tape recorder and contact microphones upon the detection of sounds that were audible. Additionally, at the Testing Station for the National Reactor in the onset months of 1965, the AE was successfully put into use by surveyors who were striving to find ways of ascertaining the nuclear reactors’ coolant losses. From that time onwards, the acoustic emission has been used with much success in monitoring things such as the wear of tools, wears in engines, failures in civil structures, growth of fatigue, the integrity of structures and the escalation of tear in laminates of composite kinds (Scruby, 200). Changes in temperature, when welding is taking place, usually cause between the base material and the weld stresses where in certain instances there are observed small cracks. In 1969, Dr.