Cambodia And Climate Change Environmental Sciences Essay

Cambodia And humour wobble Environmental Sciences turn upOur spheric environment has irregularly motleyd from year to year. There be many an(prenominal) scientific evidences showing that humor modify is ca applyd by two factors including indispensable causes and human activities mainly dissembleing to the global atmosphere payable to the liberation of babys room gases, such as Carbon dioxide ( carbon dioxide), Methane (CH4), Nitrous Oxide (NO2), and different industrial gases. The lurch of temper by human activities has caused negative impacts including global warm, ocean level rise, increased natural disaster (cyclone, flood, and drought) and has impacted frugal reading. Obviously, mood change is real and happening in Cambodia that it cannot avoid. Cambodia is considered to suffer much payable to its high up levels of poverty and inadequate infrastructure to entirelyot with natural disasters and other longer-term effects of temper change. Hench, Cambodi a is likely endangered to climate convert and orbicular change and in the consider time the rest of the world is interrelateing that it comes to be discussed and debate.The term climate change is often associated with the term global warming. humor change can be defined as the significant changes in the climate of the Earth, such as precipitation, temperature or wind, which lasts for long period of time, for decades or longer. world-wide warming can occur from a number of causes, twain man-made and natur everyy occurring. Global warming is in addition comm altogether associated with the warming that occurs as a result of increased emissions of honey oilhouse gases from human activities. (What is clime reassign and the Difference between humor Change and Global Warming) Global warming and climate change can impact land and intellectual nourishment production around the world due to the effects of elevated CO2 in the atmosphere, higher temperatures, castrateed precip itation and transpiration regimes, increased frequency of perfect stillts, and modified weed, pest, and pathogen pressure.Cambodia is one of the bringing countries which tends to give less impacts of climate change than in wealthy industrialized countries. Anyways, Cambodia is likely to suffer from the impacts of climate change and global warming that it need to reconcile to those changes, especially in ground of droughts, floods, begrime erosion and the loss of biodiversity. This in turn entrust ingrain land productivity and populate provide become poorer. In the mean time, Cambodia is an c embarrassednish nation that many hect ars of land argon growing rice. after(prenominal) rice, we keep the land idle, which means we dont grow year-round. As a depend of fact, rice production can contribute to climate change, through fill up fields and the use of chemical pesticides and nitrogenous fertilizers. Agricultural can also potentially help mitigate climate change through soil carbon sequestration by practicing sustainable agriculture practices. (Workshop, May 27-28,2010) much importantly, man-made adopt impacted nigh on climate change and global warming. Population maturement has disturbed the balance between our ecosystems on our planet as the atmosphere and seas pollution, destruction of the rain forests, fire zealous out of control, alteration of sensitive ecosystems, and destruction of the ozone layer. These activities obligate gaind an unprecedented clime Change and Global Warming. Obviously, in Cambodia there is a defective quadrangle between the rich and the poor as poverty remain the big problem that many poor people live in the unwellnessiness condition. Usually people who live close to the river, lakes or sea, mostly piddle quality is not good since water is polluted by bollocks ups, rubbishes, toxic chemical substances from pesticides of farmers and industrial wastes or accidents that lead to the endanger of people wellness . In addition to Cambodias disorder infrastructure which pollutes the clean air due to the tummy of those machines as well as many old vehicles remained in the cities produce too much accidental injury on environment. Moreover, Cambodia had faced many wars that unexpended many explosives on many hectares of land which is not only the greatest danger of humanity, but may also kick in a semipermanent cumulative effect on the earth climate. evolution countries like Cambodia energise been relentlessly change by climate change and lack the option to tackle on its own, Hun Sen said at the opening ceremony Monday at the countrys first National Forum on Climate Change. Even though there is a strict environmental policies adopted by veritable and developing countries, in somehow the rule of law and economic instruction is still weak and Cambodia in some way was affected. For instance, there are reports that tons of toxic waste is deposited in Cambodia by other nations. In November 1998, a large quantity of mercury-laden waste from Taiwan was dumped in Sihanouk Ville, a famous tourist and port area in Cambodia. Due to health concerns, thousands of residents fled from the area, resulting in several accidents along a bumpy, narrow road with at least four dead and 13 injured. Surprisingly, a month by and by another case was found involving much than 650 tons of film cast aside from Taiwan again. In addition, several months prior to this, the Sihanouk Ville police found waste materials including x-rays, used cassette and videotapes from South Korea. (New York Times). Cambodia is a victim of climate change, and actual countries should articulatio humeri more responsibility in reversing the effects of global warming, said rush Minister Hun Sen (NationalForumonClimateChange). For this reason the rich was infernal to be more responsible that they have more resources to settle this librate and huge countries should not blame less-developed countries.Climate Cha nge and Global Warming give direct and indirect impact on the country, community and mortal level. On the country level, Cambodia which largely depends on agriculture is undefendable to agricultural inactivity and losses due to natural disasters. Therefore it volition find out slow economic growth due to the global recession and economic crisis which lead to poor and underdeveloped health infrastructure that aggravate health problems and further burden the government. umpteen livelihoods will be affected by natural disasters. Not only homes and properties, agricultural produce and health, but even community as a whole that result in liner the economic downturn, hence it will lead to more social crime. For instance, by the end of the century, higher sea levels in the Mekong Delta, where nearly half of Vietnams rice is grown, may inundate about half (1.4 million ha) of the deltas agricultural lands.Compared to developed and other developing states, Least Developed Countries and Small Island Developing States have released relatively small amounts of fossil fuels and thus contribute little harm to climate change and global warming. Yet they seem to be suffered the most. Developing countries in Asia like Cambodia has the least efficacy to adapt to Climate Change and Global warming and is therefrom in need of whatever external support in order to fare with these issues. Low adaptive capacity has made Cambodia among the most vulnerable region despite it is relatively low suffered from Climate take chances. However, still other areas with high adaptive are vulnerable due to their high population densities and closed location to Climate hazard of sea level rise and floods namely Jakarta and Thailand (John E .Newby/WWF Canon, October 2009). It has been cognise for some time the Least Developed Countries (LDCs) and Small Island Developing States ( crib death) is the most vulnerable to the effects of climate change due to changing brave patterns, particular propositionly horrific floods and droughts that lead to immense poverty, hunger and disease. The rising sea level, along with other climatic changes, threatens the very survival of many SIDS. somewhat 860 million people in LDCs and SIDS will be adversely affected by climate change, many of them becoming environmental refugees. (Hamilton, 2005).Many SIDS rely on one or few economic activities, especially touristry or fisheries, both of which are highly influenced due to natural disasters. Climate change is expected to impact aquatic ecosystems, and alter the distribution and production of fish. Fish migration routes, spawning and feeding grounds, and fishing seasons are all likely to change, and the impacts on fishing communities are uncertain. Rising seas, more severe storms, and saltwater intrusion in the deltas will damage the regions aquaculture industry, which is based on species with limited saline tolerance, such as catfish in the Mekong Delta. Cambodia and Vietnam are amon g the most vulnerable on recent climate change impacts on fishery in 130 countries that is heavy dependence on fisheries, high exposure to climate risks, and limited coping capacity (Mirza, 2003).Apart from that Asian is the places of interest for tourists, including wildlife areas and parks may be disrupted with less tourism due to Climate Change and it also has significantly impacted on agriculture and decreasing in the supply of water and soil wet during the dry season, which put the stress on the available of water supplies and change magnitude the need for irrigation. Rice growing areas may also be affected which gives a bad effect on agricultural trade, economic growth and the breeding (McLeman, 2005). For instance, farmers who directly depend on agriculture are vulnerable to extreme events which can destroy their entire crop due to floods or droughts that occur unpredictably or at the wrong time of the cropping rhythm (Warner et al. 2009).The participations from other NGO s and INGOs are really necessary in order to cope with Climate Change and Global Warming. For instance, UNDPs climate change work in Cambodia focuses on strengthening the capacity of government to oppose to climate change, creating opportunities for cognition sharing and building partnerships, as well as supporting investigate into the impacts of climate change on the countrys economic and human maturement. For the set upment on Climate Change in Cambodia, UNDP has support the Ministry of Environment to produce mixed technical reports since 1999 with funding from the Global Environment Facility (GEF). The work of UNDP has not only helped the country fulfill its obligations under the UN Framework Convention on Climate Change (UNFCCC), but to strengthen governments capacity to move to climate change, mainly through the Cambodia Climate Change Office (UNDP release ).Climate Change and Global Warming is the hot issue that it is not concern in the region Cambodia itself but as the g lobe issue therefore it need to be involved from everyone and other institutions. As a poor country like Cambodia we need some fund in respond to Climate Change and Global Warming for we cannot cope with such a problem alone. concord to the project by the Cambodia Climate Change Alliance, Cambodia is supported its capacity to develop and strengthening preparedness for climate change risk for instance, to communities that are vulnerable to climate change and other natural hazards. To leave this project, CCCA grants will be implemented that requires the support from the Government and civil society, as well as with technical support by external development partners.More than 80 per cent of Cambodians rely directly on agriculture for their livelihoods, but global warming is likely to affect rainfall patterns, peradventure causing crop failures and victuals shortages. Moreover, the impact of climate change will be an unprecedented and change magnitude global threat to life, livelih oods and life-supporting systems. Actually, Cambodias contribution to greenhouse gas emissions is low which ranked number 109 by the World Resources Institute, with emissions of only 0.29 tons of carbon dioxide per head of population each year. Nonetheless, Cambodia is suffered from the effects of global warming due to excessive emissions in other parts of the world. alike other countries in Southeast Asia, Cambodia is expected to experience higher and more intense rainfall. The effects are likely to include more severe water scarcity and more frequent floods, resulting in crop failures and food shortages. A remarkable loss of biodiversity will cause a redress in ecosystem services. Coastal communities and eco-systems are likely to be affected by rises in sea levels as well. Hench, higher temperatures and humidity will bring forth conditions for increased incidence of malaria and dengue fever. In respond the Cambodia Climate Change Alliance (CCCA) was announced at the forum by th e EU and UNDP and officially launched in February 2010. Despite Cambodia is likely to be hardest hit by climate change, Cambodia was selected to be a pilot country which was funded in the form of pooled and non-targeted resources on the basis of contractual agreements between each donor and UNDP by development partners (UNDP/Arantxa).In regard to the environmental protection, includes sustainable precaution and sustainable use of natural resources in responses to Climate Change and Global Warming, both external level and field of study one are together trying to cope with it. In this spirit, Cambodia has been working hard to fulfill its own obligation as it fully supports the efforts to channelise climate change based on the depict principles of the United Nations Framework of Convention on Climate Change, which require detail needs and special circumstances of developing country parties, especially those that are particularly vulnerable to the adverse effects of climate chang e. Consequently, Cambodia have acceded the Kyoto communications protocol on 04 Jul, 2002 (UNDP, 2004). Moreover Cambodia has completed National Adaptation Program of save to Climate Change (NAPA) in late 2006 to address the urgent and warm needs of the country adapt to climate change (Trisurat, 2009). Besides national concern, there are also concern form world-wide actors and outlander states on this problem. In this regard, UNFCCC has created the High-level Advisory Group on Climate Change Financing, chaired by Norways Prime Minister Stoltenberg. Moreover, the US has pledged US$5 million to catalyze efforts to mitigate emissions of Black Carbon, and other countries Norway, Canada, Sweden, Denmark and Finland have joined in this effort and may also pledge contributions (Otero, 2010).According to the concern from some head of states has risen that solutions to the problems of climate change should be reinforced and coordinate in an integrate manner within the simulation of sus tainable development (8th Asia-Europe Summit Brussels, 2010). At first Cambodia could not fulfill National Adaptation Program of Action to Climate to Climate Change (NAPA) only until in late 2006 that it succeed in the fulfillment to address the urgent and immediate needs of the country adapt to climate change. It is garner that least developed countries like Cambodia and others are the most vulnerable to the impacts of climate change due to their limited adaptive climate change capacities.It is dispatch that weather related change and complex man-mad disaster are increasing frequency and severely in one nation can affect to various part of the world. Their impact on the environment and on climate cannot be overlook. Therefore, broad commitments to address climate change should be agree at a regional level to ensure that the put to deaths of one country do not negatively affect or undermine the efforts of their neighbors. though the results of environmental and natural depletion may not be visible now, it will be a heavy burden for Cambodias next generations, who will have difficulty in ecological system. It illustrates that Cambodia is facing the risk of unsustainable development for its next generation. Immediate action is required to tackle hence the government and all other stakeholders must come up with strong policies and fast action to combat climate change.In short, Climate change is closely relate to human activities not only in wealthy industrialized countries people and their livelihoods but also other less developing countries. In particular Climate Change will impact the social and economic in small islands, and also affecting key sectors such as tourism and agriculture, and resulting in risky infrastructure due to Climate variability, including extreme events such as storms, floods and sustained droughts. Therefore the negative impacts of climate change could create a new group of refugees, who may migrate into new settlements to stress new living. Indeed, LDCs and SIDS have neither the financial resources nor the technical capacities to comely their adaptation needs due to climate change and global warming. Consequently, the international community needs to provide stronger financial and technical support to the LDCs and SIDS through the special funds under international frameworks.. In respond special effort needs to be done. Obviously, Cambodia is likely to experience the impacts of climate change and therefore must be prepared to adapt to the changes on the environment, especially in terms of droughts, floods, soil erosion and the loss of biodiversity. Consequently, they will need to adopt sustainable practices on agriculture by trim down the vulnerability of soil based agricultural production systems through the caution of soil fertility, precaution of the cycle of soil more efficiently in grasslands and cropping systems. (Canon, Oct,2009). Moreover, there should be the participating of NGO network members and the government in order to increase their understanding on the issue and what everyone can do is to save water, against pollution, forest protection, wildlife or animals and environmental reservation, recycle, reuse the energy delight that is a part of daily life. Therefore, in respond to address Climate Change, we should improved energy efficiency and better use of alternative and renewable energy. We must encourage investment in clean development mechanisms and therefore, green economy must be considered at the top priority of the development agenda. Hence, all countries need to consider setting their own Green theater Gaze in the limited target and promote sustainable management of natural resources. Moreover, the regions governments and people need to identify a way to sustainably develop their economies, alleviate poverty, and conserve the regions extraordinary species and ecosystems. The region should improve environmental management capacity and more effective conservation in order to adapt to and reduce the unavoidable climate change impacts (Canon, Oct,2009).